Neurology Nursing: Managing Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP)

ICP must be maintained below 15 mmHg. Persistent elevation compresses cerebral tissue, leading to brain herniation.

Cushing's Triad (Late sign of increased ICP)

• Systolic hypertension with widening pulse pressure.
• Bradycardia (slow, bounding heart rate).
• Irregular respirations (Bradypnea/Cheyne-Stokes breathing).

Nursing Interventions

• Elevate head of bed to 30-45 degrees to facilitate venous drainage.
• Administer osmotic diuretics (Mannitol) IV through a filter (prevents crystal infusion).
• Avoid hip flexion and Valsalva maneuvers (coughing, straining), which raise intra-abdominal and intracranial pressure.